英语四级必备知识点
全国大学英语四级考试也成为了测试众多非英语专业大学生英语水平的一个重要的标尺。英语四级有哪些必备的知识点呢?下面小编给你分享英语四级必备知识点，欢迎阅读。
英语四级语法必备知识点
动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等)
时态
1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.
I’ve been writing letters for an hour.
I’ve been sitting in the garden.
2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作
I’d been working for some time when he called.
We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.
3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.
By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.
In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.
4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时已发生的事.
I shall have finished this one before lunch.
They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.
语态
可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:
He was said to be jealous of her success.
It was said that he was jealous of her success.
能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.
It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.
The ship is supposed to have been sunk.
担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:
Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制)
双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态
双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.
宾补结构的被动语态:
She was called Big Sister by everybody.
Then he was made a squad leader.
He was considered quite qualified for the job.
The room was always kept clean and tidy.
短语动词
Vi + adv
The plane took off two hours late.
Vi + prep
They looked round the Cathedral.
Vi + prep (有被动语态)
She’s looking after her sister’s children.
The children were always well looked after.
Vi + adv + prep
I began to look forward to their visits.
Vt + O + adv
Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.
The children were brought up by their mother.
They took him on.
Vt + adv + O (无被动语态)
I am trying to give up smoking.
Vt + O + prep
We talked Donald into agreement.
在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略:
在有些状语从句中,如果谓语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉.
Look out for cars when crossing the street.
When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.
While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.
Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.
If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.
Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.
This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.
Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out.
She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.
She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.
Fill in the application as instructed.
Whenever known, such facts should be reported.
The documents will be returned as soon as signed.
He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.
Once having made a promise, you should keep it.
If necessary I’ll have the letter duplicated.
Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.
If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.
As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.
在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中,常会有一些成分省略.
He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.
We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.
They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).
He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.
Their training is free, as is all education.
We will, as always, stand on your side.
错误的省略
His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.
While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.
一致
如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引导的短语,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式.
Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.
An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.
The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.
英语四级翻译必备知识点
1. 介词使用(of/to/in…)
回顾：
过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。
过中秋节的 习俗 于唐代早期 在中国各地 开始流行。
习俗 过中秋节的 开始流行 于唐代早期 在中国各地 。
The tradition of celebrating mid-autumn day became popular at the beginning of Tang dynasty throughout china.
四级翻译真题：
中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。
中国 给 数百万在线零售商 以极具竞争力的价格 销售商品的 机会。
中国 给 数百万在线零售商 机会 销售商品 以极具竞争力的价格
China is providing millions of online retailers chances to sell goods at a very competitive price.
我们看到，完全不一样的两句话，完全一样的考点。
2. 定语从句
回顾：
中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。
Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America.
『这』和『该』就是which吧，特别重要。来，上新句子：
四级真题：
据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。
It is reported that China’s courier service will deliver 12 billion packages, which will possibly make China the largest express market in the world, larger than the U. S.
中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。
中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站。
3. 插入语或同位语
回顾：
大熊猫(giant panda)是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量极少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。
The giant panda, a sort of peaceful animal with unique white and black fur, has been listed as an endangered species because of its rarity.
四级真题解析：
中国是世界上最古老的文明之一，构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。
China, the most ancient civilization in the world, is the starting place of many elements which formed the modern world’s fundamentals.
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