2017年自考英语基础写作答案

2017-05-27

2017年自考英语基础写作及答案

I. Supply the missing paragraph(10 points)

The following passage is incomplete with on body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.

_______________________________________________________________________________

People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

II. Write an outline(20 points)

Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it.

For a Better Understanding Between Parent and Child

Nowadays there is often a lack of understanding between parent and child. Modern society has been changing greatly so much so that even the relations between parent and child have become much different from several decades ago. Far less do they communicate each other but they always complain and quarrel instead. As it is, generation gap has become quite a spreading social problem. As for the problem, various possible reasons may be found. Because of either economic necessity or strong determination for personal fulfillment, or both, neither father nor mother has any time to stay together with their children. On the other hand, teenagers eagerly feel the need for freedom away from their parents to explore their emerging identity as a young adult- to develop his own interests or to perfect his favorite skills, which their parents may not prefer. Hence, the parents must suffer the loss of their unruly little boy or girl, incapable of keeping their child to remain in the safe and familiar routines of early childhood or to do what they demand. Eventually, either parent or child becomes unsatisfied, no patient with each other and would not like to find any chance to understand the other.

If this situation is to be navigated successfully, there are really some suggestions both for parent and child to follow. For parents, by recalling their own childhood experiences, they could understand and then try to help their own children whenever needed. They should also trust that only in very short time will the child emerge from the uncertainty of being a teenager and display the mature, adult character to forgive their parents for the sake of their hard work.. Bothe sides striving for a better understanding, it is no doubt that their relations will be improved quickly.

III Sentence transformation (15 points)

Transform the following sentences into better ones without changing their meanings. The outline of each sentence is given. Please fill in each blank with only one word(每空仅限填一词)

1 .My favorite sport is swimming.

→There is no sport I enjoy ________ ________ swimming.

2 Perseverance is the most important in achieving success.

→________ is more important than perseverance in achieving success.

3 Pollution is very harmful to environment as illness is harmful to health.

→ Pollution is to environment ________ illness is to health.

4 China will never be the first country to use nuclear weapons.

→ Under ________ ________ will China be the first country to use nuclear weapons

5 Opportunities are unprecedented for those who understand the cell and the pixel.

→ It is a world ________ opportunities have never ________ ________ for those who understand the cell and the pixel.

6 I want to thank students, faculty, alumni and staff and I have been privileged to work with them over these past years.

→I want to thank students, faculty, alumni and staff ________ ________ I have been privileged to work over these past years.

7 At such a moment, we tend to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction.

→At such a moment, there is ________ to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction.

8 The decade ahead will bring more hard choices for our country, and there are some guiding principles that should give us direction.

→The decade ahead will bring more hard choices for our country, and there are some guiding principles that should ________our course.

9 We cannot deny the fact that the Palestinian people -- Muslims and Christians -- have suffered in pursuit of a homeland.

→It is ________ that the Palestinian people -- Muslims and Christians -- have suffered in pursuit of a homeland.

10 So let there be no doubt: The Palestinian people cannot stand the situation .

→So let there be no doubt: The situation for the Palestinian people is ________.

IV Compose an essay (55 points)

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Young People's Early Independence

注：考试结束后，只交答题纸

I. Supply the missing paragraph(10 points)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

II. Write an outline(20 points)

Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it.

I. ____________________________________

A. _________________________________________________

B. __________________________________

a. _______________________

b. _______________________

C. __________________________________

a. _______________________

b. _______________________

II. ___________________________________

a. ________________________

b._________________________

III. Conclusion

both side should try to understand each other

III Sentence transformation (15 points)

Transform the following sentences into better ones without changing their meanings. The outline of each sentence is given. Please fill in each blank with only one word(每空仅限填一词)

1 ________ ________ . 2 ________. 3 ________ .

4 ________ ________. 5 ________ ________ ________. 6 ________ ________.

7 ________. 8 ________. 9 ________. 10 ________.

IV Compose an essay (55 points)

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Young People's Early Independence

《英语写作》模拟试题答案

I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points)

As we know, food is one of the existential elements for human, and we cannot live without food. But as the living condition has been improved, it seems that most of us are become strict to what we eat - we are likely to choose those we like, to others we shall resist. While, according to the nutritionists' point of view, we need many kinds of food to keep us in healthy condition. It is all right that we may have our particular flavor, but we must keep in mind that we also need other kinds of food to keep us in

balance. Those who can have a healthy body are those who know how to eat, and what to eat. II. Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it. (20 points)

I. General introduction and explanation

A. Problems of lack of understanding between parent and child.

B. Reasons for this situation

a. economic necessity

b. strong determination for personal fulfillment

C. satisfaction between each other

a. parents' feeling

b. children's feeling

II. Suggestions to solve the problems.

a. parents- help and trust

b. children- their parents' hard-work

III. Conclusion

III. Composition (60 points)

Dissatisfaction leads to progress

This article reminds me of a well-known story about a frog. The frog is put on the cool water at first, and then the water is boiled steadily, the frog cannot sense it till it died. I think this story put the fact to us very clearly: people likely become insensitive to the seeming comfortable environment; they enjoy it and never think of improving themselves, so when the dangers come it may be too late for them to do something about it.

In contrary, those people who are dissatisfactory sometimes can leads progress. Especially in today’s fast growing world, if you don’t move, then you fall behind. Many facts can approve this, from the changes of social system to our own situations. The change of social system was due to people’s dissatisfaction of the former one, and the set up of the new on was certainly a great progress in human history. As for ourselves, we may go on study even after we have graduated from school, change job frequently, and so on. These are due to our desire to improve our current situations and to seek a better life.

However, if you are not content with what you have at present and do nothing but complain, you cannot make progress, because only those who not just have a desire to improve but also adapt measures can succeed. So, if you are dissatisfactory, don’t stand still, take action, your future should be better

自考英语答案写作试题

I. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points)

The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words.Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.

The Positive Effects of Owning a Dog on Children

Dogs are the best friend of children. The dog and the child teach each other things and they look after each other. Owning a dog can have positive effects on a child’s development. Having a dog develops a child’s sense of responsibility, broadens his capacity for empathy, and teaches him the nature of friendship.

The first advantage of owning a dog is that it’s helpful to develop a child’s sense of responsibility. Once you own a dog, you have to take care of it instead of only playing it: showering, feeding, walking, cleaning up, hair cutting and so on. Dogs are animals that have to spend time together with people or they get depressed. So you must take some time to stay with it. If they are sick, one can’t just leave it alone. All of these works are required to be carefully done which could make a child become more responsible.

Another lesson that a child can learn from having a dog is how to be empathetic. A dog cannot express itself with speech, so its owner must learn to understand what the dog’s behavior means. Is the dog frightened, aggressive, or sick? The child needs to understand what is going on in the dog’s mind. The result of learning to read a dog’s behavior is that the child develops mpathy. By learning how to empathize with a dog, the child also learns how to empathize with other people. This leads to the child becoming a more considerate and caring person.

Being considerate and caring are important characteristics in a good friend.One of the most significant benefits of owning a dog is the example of true friendship that a dog provides. A dog gives unconditional love to its owner. A dog will not stop loving its owner because of a little anger, indifference, or neglect. A dog will wait patiently for its owner to pat its head and say a few kind words. This acceptance of the negative qualities and appreciation for the positive qualities of its owner provide a wonderful model of how to be a good friend. A child who has learned to be as good a friend to others as his dog is to him will have learned one of the most valuable lessons in life.

These are some of the most important lessons a child will ever learn. The benefits of owning a dog will last in the child’s entire lifetime. The understanding and appreciation of responsibility, empathy, and friendship that a child develops from the experience of having a dog will help him or her grow into a reliable, caring, and mature adult.

II. Write an outline. (20 points)

Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it.

Acting out Metaphors Encourages Creative Thinking

It happens in schools, offices, and boardrooms everywhere: someone working on a project hits a mental block. A boss or teacher might resort to a metaphor like “think outside the box” or “put two and two together,” encouraging a creative solution to the problem. As it turns out, this isn’t just abstract advice. According to an upcoming issue of Psychological Science, literally working outside of a box or putting two halves of something together just might help those creative juices start flowing again.

Since physical metaphors regarding creativity are so common and appearing in several different languages, a group of researchers hypothesized that they may extend beyond mere metaphors. Their study indicates that acting out metaphors literally can affect how our minds work.

In the first part of the study, the researchers asked 102 undergraduates to perform a Remote Associates Test (RAT), in which the subjects were given three seemingly

unrelated words and asked to come up with a word that relates to each one. For example, the subject might be given “measure,” “worm,” and “video,”and the correct response would be “tape.”

The participants were divided into three groups; one group was asked to perform this task while sitting inside a 5’ by 5’ cardboard box, another group sat outside the same box, and those in the third group performed the task without a box in the room at all. None of the

participants knew the hypothesis behind the study; they were merely told it was an experiment on different working environments.

There was no difference in performance between those inside the box and those with no box at all. However, the participants that were seated outside the box did much better on the RAT than the other two groups. Apparently, something about literally “thinking outside the box” encourages creativity.

A second experiment looked at another well-known piece of advice: to “put two and two together” to come up with an answer. In the study, 64 subjects were divided into two groups. The first group had to perform a RAT while joining halves of cut paper cards from piles on each side of a desk. The second group performed a similar task, but only had to move card halves from one side of a desk to the other side. Those “putting two and two together” by uniting the two halves of the cards did far better on the RAT than those that were merely moving the cards from one pile to another.

So, acting out metaphors linked to creativity really can help us think creatively. In fact, it does more than let us access the knowledge we presently have; it encourages us to come up with new, unique and creative ideas. Next time you’re stuck on a problem, take a minute to ponder—or even act out—your favorite metaphor, and you might happen upon a great solution.

Topic Outline

Acting out Metaphors Encourages Creative Thinking

It happens everywhere: mental block. A boss or teacher might resort to a metaphor like “think outside the box” or “put two and two together”. This isn’t just abstract advice but might really help have creative thoughts.

A group of researchers hypothesized that acting out metaphors may extend beyond mere metaphors. They can affect how our minds work.

In the first study, the researchers asked 102 undergraduates to perform a Remote Associates Test (RAT). The subjects were given three unrelated words and asked to answer a word that relates to each one.

The participants were divided into three groups; one group was asked to perform this task while sitting inside a cardboard box, another group sat outside the same box, and those in the third group performed the task without a box in the room.

There was no difference in performance between those inside the box and those with no box at all. However, the participants outside the box did much better on the RAT. Apparently, something about literally “thinking outside the box” encourages creativity.

The second experiment focused on another advice: to “put two and two together” to come up with an answer. In the study, 64 subjects were divided into two groups. The first group performed a RAT while joining halves of cut paper cards together. The second group performed a similar task, but only had to move card halves from one side of a desk to the other side. Those uniting the two halves of the cards did far better on the RAT than those that were merely moving the cards from one pile to another.

So, acting out metaphors linked to creativity really can help us think creatively.

IIl. Compose an essay. (60 points)

People are more and more concerned about the environment. Write a 300-word

expository essay stating your opinion about what we can do as individuals to improve our environment.

How to improve our environment

Nowadays, environment problems are are becoming more and more influential to our daily lives than only appearing in newspapers and TVs, lectures or reports. For instance, in the last winter, foggy days with the so called PM2.5 caused a panic among citizens. People were afraid of the polluted air and chose to stay at home instead of going out.

Protecting the environment is really an extremely urgent thing. As we all know, low carbon life was proposed in recent years and I think it would be a reasonable way to solve our environment crisis.

We can figure out what benefits can be gained when we transfer this conception into a real existence, a low carbon campus. This simple shift of perspective can actually transform what used to be quite far away into something that is just around us.

Take the use of electronic devices for example, when we choose to climb the stairs instead of using an elevator, when we prefer bicycles to cars, we are doing something fantastic for ourselves. Think about these activities as exercises that would not only keep us physically fit, but also spiritually energetic. If we turn off the computer when they are not in use, or even limit the hours we spend in front of them, we are not only saving the electricity, but also doing a favor to our body, preventing ourselves from too much exposure to radiation and other possible harms caused by computer. We can gain at the same tine a healthy and pain-free neck, and avoid sore muscles, worsening eyesight and so on. When we use natural wind, rather than fans or air conditioner to feel cool in summer, we are also reducing the possibilities of all the illness related to the electronic devices.

What we eat can also contribute to the establishment of a low carbon campus. More

vegetables and less meat mean that less carbon will be emitted in the process of producing and preparing for such foods. And this can also translate to a more balanced diet and healthier eating habits. Then many problems, such as overweight, tiredness or even high blood pressure and heart disease can be controlled to a certain extent when we get older. And this good eating habit actually benefits us for a life time, and what starts at campus goes a long way.

From the above analysis, we can get the basic idea that when we are doing something to reduce the carbon campus, but at the same time, we are make positive changes for oueselves.

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