冀教版小学英语名词总复习资料

2017-06-12

冀教版小学英语名词总复习资料第一部分

一、名词的概念：表示人或事物等名称的词。如:Tom, Beijing, China, milk, teacher.

二、名词的分类：

专用名词：表示人、地点、机构、组织、国家、月份、星期、月份、节日等专门名称的词。如：Danny, Beijing, China, January, Sunday, Christmas Day. (注意：专用名词的第一个字母要大写。)

名词个体名词：boy, girl, book, egg, day, ruler等。

可数名词：

集体名词：class, family, policeman等。

普通名词：

物质名词：milk, water, meat, paper, sugar,

不可数名词：salt, rain, snow, flour, oil, tea.

抽象名词：time, money, weathe, help等。

三、名词的数：

1、可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。(1)表示一个人或物时，用单数形式：如：a pen, a book, a desk, a bus, a bike, an egg, an apple, an orange, an hour, an eye, an ear, an arm, an old man. (2)表示几个人或者物时用复数形式：如：two books, three pencils, four peaches, five boys, some gifts, many people.

2.可数名词复数形式的构成：

a. 规则形式：(1)在名词末尾加s. 例如：bike-bikes, map-maps, pen-pens, egg-eggs, day-days, boy-boys. (2)以s, sh, ch, x结尾的名词，在词尾加es. 例如：bus-buses, class-classes, brush-brushes, watch-watches, peach-peaches, beach-beaches, box-boxes, fox-foxes. (3)以f或fe结尾的名词，先把f或fe变为v再加es. 例如：leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, knife(小刀)-knives. (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，先把y变为i后再加es. 例如：baby-babies, family-families, strawberry-strawberries, city-cities, story-stories. (5)以o结尾的名词，表示有生命的在词尾加es，例如：potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes，表示无生命的在词尾加s. 例如：zoo-zoos, radio-radios, photo-photos, piano-pianos.

b. 不规则形式：(同学们一定要逐个记牢!)man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose(鹅)-geese, child-children, people-people, sheep-sheep, fish-fish, deer(鹿)-deer, Chinese(中国人)-Chinese, policeman-policemen, snowman-snowmen.

3. 不可数名词的数量表示法: 不可数名词没有单复数变化，如果要表示数量时可以用下面的公式记忆：数词+计量单位名词+of+不可数名词例如：a piece of paper(一张纸), a piece of meat(一块肉), a cup of tea(一杯茶), a glass of water(一玻璃杯水), a bowl of rice(一碗米饭), a bottle of pop(一瓶汽水), two cups of tea(两杯茶), three pieces of bread(三块面包), five bags of rice(五袋大米).

四、名词的所有格：英语中表示人或事物的所属关系时，用名词的所有格，意思是“……的”。

1. 有生命事物的名词的所有格：(1)单数名词后加“’s”例如：Li Ming’s kite, Danny’s hat, Jenny’s camera, my father’s car. (2)以s结尾的复数名词后加“’”例如：Teachers’ Day, the nurses’ office. (3)不以s结尾的复数名词后加“’s”例如：Children’s Day, Women’s Day, men’s clothes.

2. 无生命事物的名词的所有格：用of所有格表示。例如：the windows of the classroom, a picture of Danny, a map of China, a flag of China.