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中外名人英语故事:Karl Marx
卡尔·马克思
As a student in Bonn and Berlin, Marx was greatly influenced by the philosophy of Hegel. While Marx was impressed with the Hegelian professors under whom he studied, he ultimately found himself attracted to a group of students known as the "Young Hegelians" .
在波恩和柏林求学时,马克思极大地受到黑格尔哲学的影响。他从师于一名研究黑格尔的教授,之后发现自己被一个称作“年轻的黑格尔派”的学生组织所吸引。
Although Marx desired a career as an academic at the time, his political sympathies prevented him from receiving a position in the state-controlled university system. Instead, Marx turned to journalism where his radical politics attracted the attention of Prussian censors. The publication for which he worked was shut down for its politically incorrect commentary, and the frustrated Marx traveled to Paris.
尽管马克思当时渴望研究学问,但他的政治态度使他不能从当局控制的大学中求得一职,因此马克思转向报纸,而他激进的政治思想吸引了普鲁士当局的注意。由于“不正确”的政治评论,他所在的出版社被关闭,沮丧的马克思只好流浪到巴黎。
Paris in 1843 was an international center of social, political, and artistic activity and the gathering place of radicals and revolutionaries from all over Europe. In Paris Marx became involved with socialists and revolutionaries. Most significantly, though, it was in Paris that Marx met Friedrich Engels, the son of a wealthy textile manufacturer in England who had become a socialist after observing the deplorable condition of workers in his father’s factories. Together, Marx and Engels began to develop the ideas which became Revolutionary Proletarian Socialism, or, as it is better known, Communism. Eventually, Marx was exiled from France in 1845 at the behest of the Prussian government for antiroyalist writings.
1843年的巴黎是社会活动、政治活动和艺术活动的国际中心,也是来自全欧洲的激进主义者和革命主义者聚集的地方。在巴黎,马克思开始参与社会主义者和革命者的活动。最重要的是,在巴黎,马克思遇到了恩格斯——这位英格兰富裕的纺织工厂主的儿子。恩格斯看到父亲工厂里的工人可悲的生存条件,后来成为一名社会主义者。马克思和恩格斯一起开始发展自己的思想,后来成为无产阶级社会主义,即共产主义。因为反对皇室的文章,在普鲁士政府的压力下,1845年马克思被法国当局流放。
After leaving Paris, Marx traveled to Belgium where he became involved with a group of artisans. He attempted to assemble a ragtag group into a unified political organization, the German Working Men’s Association, which later became "The Communist League" . In 1847 the Communist League commissioned Marx and Engels to pen a statement of their beliefs and aims. This statement became the Communist Manifesto, which Marx zealously composed in anticipation the revolutions of 1848. When revolution did begin in Germany in 1848,Marx traveled to the Rhineland to encourage its progress. When the revolution failed, Marx returned to Paris but soon left for London where he would remain for the rest of his life.
离开巴黎后,马克思来到比利时,参与到一个手工业者的团体中。马克思想把这个松散杂乱的组织形成一个统一的政治团体——德国工人协会,后来成为共产主义者同盟。1847年,共产主义者同盟委托马克思和恩格斯起草一份有关同盟的目标和信仰的纲领性文件,这份文件后来成为《共产党宣言》。在宣言中,马克思热切地预言1848年革命。当1848年革命真的在德国展开时,马克思来到莱茵兰,声援革命。当革命失败后,马克思回到巴黎,但很快就去了伦敦,直到去世。
Marx died in London in 1883,still awaiting the inevitable revolution which he had predicted.
1883年马克思弥留之际,依然期待着他所预计的不可避免的革命的到来。
中外名人英语故事:Henry Thoreau
亨利·梭罗
He was born David Henry Thoreau in Concord, Massachusetts, to John Thoreau (a pencil maker)and Cynthia Dunbar. David Henry was named after a recently deceased paternal uncle, DavidThoreau. He did not become “Henry David” until after college, although he never petitioned tomake a legal name change. He had two older siblings, Helen and John Jr., and a younger sister,Sophia.Thorea’s birthplace still exists on Virginia Road in Concord and is currently the focus ofpreservation efforts. The house is original, but it now stands about 100 yards away from itsfirst site.
梭罗出生时取名大卫·亨利·梭罗,他出生在马萨诸塞州的康科德镇,父亲是约翰·梭罗(铅笔制造商),母亲叫辛西娅·邓巴。大卫·亨利以新近去世的叔叔大卫·梭罗命名。他直到大学毕业后才使用“亨利·大卫”这个名字,虽然他从未请求合法地改变姓名。他有一个姐姐海伦和一个哥哥小约翰,还有一个妹妹,索菲娅。梭罗的出生地仍然保存于康科德的Virginia Road,是目前的重点文物保护遗址。房子还是老房子,但据最初的地点有100码远。
Thoreau studied at Harvard University between 1833 and 1837. He lived in Hollis Hall and tookcourses in rhetoric, classics, philosophy, mathematics, and science. A legend proposes thatThoreau refused to pay the five-dollar fee for a Harvard diploma. In fact, the master’s degree hedeclined to purchase had no academic merit: Harvard College offered it to graduates “whoproved their physical worth by being alive three years after graduating, and their saving,earning, or inheriting quality or condition by having Five Dollars to give the college.” Hiscomment was: “Let every sheep keep its own skin.”
梭罗1833年到1837年间就读哈佛大学。他住在霍利斯大厅,学习修辞、古典文学、哲学、数学和科学。据说,梭罗拒绝支付五美元的费用以获得哈佛文凭。事实上,他拒绝购买的这个硕士学位,没有学术价值:哈佛大学向那些“毕业三年后还活着回来证明其实际价值的毕业生”颁发此学位,同时“他们的储蓄、收入、所承袭的财产或是社会地位使之能向学院支付五美元。” 而他对此的评论是“让每个人都能有不同的个性”。
In appearance he was homely, with a nose that he called “my most prominent feature,” againin Cape Cod. Of his face, Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote: “is as ugly as sin, long-nosed, queer-mouthed, and with uncouth and rustic, though courteous manners, corresponding very wellwith such an exterior. But his ugliness is of an honest and agreeable fashion, and becomeshim much better than beauty.”
在外表上他并无吸引力,他有着一个被其称为“我最突出的特征”的鼻子,在《科德角》中他也这么说。有关梭罗的脸,纳撒尼尔·霍桑如此描写道(梭罗)简直其丑无比,鼻子长,嘴巴怪,笨拙且粗俗,然而他彬彬有礼却和这样的外表很好地相互映衬。他的丑陋带着正直与和蔼可亲的风格,比美貌更适合他。”
After college, Thoreau taught school, wrote essays and poems for The Dial, and brieflyattempted freelance writing in New York City. The death of his brother in 1842 was a profoundemotional shock and may have influenced his decision to live with his parents and never tomarry.
大学毕业后,梭罗在学校教书,为《曰规》撰写散文和诗歌,他还在纽约短暂地尝试了一下做一名自由撰稿人。1842年他兄弟的死对他打击很大,可能同时也影响了他的决定,使其和父母一起生活而且终生未娶。
中外名人英语故事:Complete nirvana painting a tiger
Five dynasties painting tiger famous through the company since the childhood like painting, especially like painting a tiger, but not having seen the tiger really, always painted sick cats, the tiger so he decided to enter the mountains, visit the tiger, really experienced untold hardships, with the help of Orion's uncle, finally met the tiger really, through a lot of sketch copy, the painting techniques by leaps and bounds, tiger's tiger lifelike, a few can be spurious. Since then, and spent most of his time visited many famous mountains and great rivers, see more birds beast, finally become a generation of masters.