什么是主语补足语 主语补足语如何辨别

对于主语补足语，语法家们各有不同的看法。以下是由小编整理关于什么是主语补足语的内容，希望大家喜欢!

主语补足语的简介

主动语态中的宾语补足语，可以转化为被动语态中的主语补足语。

eg. They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作为宾语补足语)

转化为被动语态The boy was caught stealing. (stealing转化为主语补足语)

主语补足语的关系

被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的。例如：

(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.

(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.

句(1)中的含义不是我看见他，而是我看见他正在打篮球。playing basketball是宾语him的补足语。所以叫宾语补足语。

句(2)中的含义也不是他被看，而是别人看见他正在打篮球。这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语，故称作主语补足语。主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语。所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态，谓语动词是可以接复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的及物动词。句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语。

主语补足语的形式

1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语。例如：

① The dog is called Karl.

② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.

③ He was found the right man for the job.

2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。例如：

① The door was painted white.

② The old man was found weak.

③ The classroom is always kept clean every day.

3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语。例如：

① He is often heard reading English.

② The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.

③ The glass was found broken.

④ The classroom was found crowded with people.

4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语。例如：

① He was seen to come upstairs.

② Ice is known to be in a solid state.

③ The spy was ordered to be hanged.

5.介词短语用作主语补足语。例如：

① The books in the study must be kept in good order.

② He was found in good health.

③ English is considered of great importance for us.

6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语。例如：

① English is taken as a useful means for research work.

② The news is considered as true.

③ The stool is usually thought as having four legs

④ The vase is thought as broken.

7. 由what引导的名词性从句用作主语补足语。例如：

The boy has been made what he is.

主语补足语的判别方法

1.看句中的动词是不是可接复合宾语，而且是不是被动语态，与此同时还要看其后部分的逻辑主语是不是句子的主语。

2. 另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态，加上一个主语we或people等。改成主动语态后，看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了，这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语。例如：

被动句：She was found reading in the library. (主语补足语)

主动句：We found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语)