in which的用法_定语从句in_which等的用法_介词加which的用法

2017-06-01

in which的用法

which 用于定语从句，作关系代词，在句中要做成分

in which 用于定语从句，作关系副词，在句中不做成分，in which=where

in which 只搜索能用在定语从句中，等于where,在定语从句中作状语。

如：He lived in the house in which Tom once lived.

He lived in the house where Tom once lived.

定语从句中.如

this is the room in which we stayed

先行词是room，后的句子是用来修饰room的

但是room不可做stay的成分，因为stay是不及物动词，后不可直接家宾语

所以要有个介词.

其实上述的句子=

this is the room which we stayed in.

这里的介词是可以提到which 前的

定语从句in_which等的用法

in which, for which, on which, at which的不同用法

这些都是定语从句里面，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。

in which可以翻译成在……里面

for which可以翻译成为了……目的

on which可以翻译成在……的上面，或具体时间的某一天

at which可以翻译成在……里面或在……上面

这些介词的使用除了意思上的区别，具体是要以which引导的从句而定的。

例如：

(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

= The school in which he once studied is very famous.

(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

(3) I have a dresser in my bedroom, which there are many cosmetics on.

= I have a dresser in my bedroom on which there are many cosmetics.

(4)The dumpling House which he often has dumplings at is very popular.

= The dumpling House is very popular, at which he often has dumplings.

当然这只是介词作为基本意思的用法，还有一些固定搭配，得具体情况具体分析。例如：

The plane may be several hours late, in which case there’s no point in our waiting. (固定搭配：in the case)

The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard. (固定搭配：at the point)

Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.(固定搭配：for the reason)

The film at which I fell asleep was very boring.

(Here "at which" is based on "fell asleep at the film"因为电影无聊而睡觉。) The little creature in which scientists are interested is known as ET.

(这里"be interested in"是词组原因)

This is the book for which he is looking.

(即等于This is the book which he is looking for，这主要是因为look for 这一短语)

例题：1. I can’t believe that the restaurant, ______ I have eaten such wonderful meal, is going to be close down.

A. where B. at which C. about which

【解答】选B。这个是非限制性定语从句，at which在功能上等于where，但就本题而言只能选at which。因为at which I have eaten such wonderful meal是一个插入语，where固然可以引导，但是由于前面有了一个逗号，就只能用at which了。“我难以相信我曾经在里面美美地吃过几顿大餐的饭店就要关张了。”非限制性定语从句主要就是先行词+逗号“，”+介词+which或者是先行词+逗号“，”+which，它和限定性定语从句的最显著区别一个是有逗号，一个是非限制定语从句总有which。

2. Wind power is an ancient source of energy ______ we may return in near future.

A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which

【解答】选C。return to其实，应该来说，就是一个固定搭配了，解释为回归到，但是呢，如果要说意思的话，也是说得通的，就是把句子换一换语序你就可以看出来了。“we may return to wind power in near future.”也就是说，看到prep.+ which这种形式，就可以直接把它扔到动词后面，然后在进行选择，看缺少哪个介词。

3. We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, _____up to half have gone to flood-hit areas.

A. with which B. in which C. for which D. of which

【解答】选D。这里的which指的是，nearly 100,000 quilts(被褥)，也就是说，后半句的主语是在这nearly 100,000 quilts里面的up to half。

例：I don’t know the reason why/for which he did it.

The reason why/for which he was fired was not clear.

There are many countries in Asia, of which China is the largest one.

亚洲有很多国家，中国是最大的一个。

附：whose和 of which的区别

1. 关系代词whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语;of whom只能指人;of which只能指物，有时whose可以与of whom和of which互换使用。如：

The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。

The house whose doors(of which the doors) are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。

2. “介词 + whose +名词”引导定语从句。如：

I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。

3. 在下列情况下，一般只用of whom和of which。

(1) 定语从句的主语是few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。

In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don’t know. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。

He has a lot of story-books, a few of which I have never read. 他有很多故事书，有几本故事书我还从未看过。

(2) 定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用of whom和of which。如：

The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩，其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。

(3) 定语从句的主语是all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时，一般只用of whom和of which。如：

There are fifty students in our class, all of whom are working hard. 我们班有五十个学生，所有这五十个学生学习都刻苦。

He planted two trees last year, both of which are growing well. 去年他栽了两棵树，这两棵树都长得好。

(4) 在定语从句中作表语的定语时，一般只用of whom和of which。如：

He has three brothers, of whom Li Lei is the youngest one. 它有三兄弟，李雷是他们中最小的一个。

There are many countries in Asia, of which China is the largest one. 亚洲有很多国家，中国是最大的一个。

(5) 形式不同。如：

The house windows face south is our reading-room.

A. of which B. whose C. which D. its

【解答】此题正确答案是B，不能选择A。选择of which时应在名词前加上定冠词the，也就是名词前有the就只能用of which。如果名词前没有冠词，就用whose。若上题改为The house the windows face south is our reading-room，则此题只能选A不能选B了。

(6) of which除了可以表示所属关系外，还可以用来表示整体的关系，而whose则不能。例：

He borrowed a book of which the author was a peasant.

In Barcelona the Chinese team got 16 gold medals, of which 12 were won by women. 第一句中的of which就可以用whose来代替，因为这个句子中of是用来表示所属关系的。可改写成：He borrowed a book whose author was a peasant. 而第二句中的of which不能用whose代替，因为这个句子中的of不是表示所属关系，而是表示整体与部分的关系。

(7) 引导非限制性定语从句多用whose，而很少用表示所属关系的介词of加上关系代词which。如：

There is a mysterious lake at the foot of the hill, whose depth has never been measured. 山脚下有个神秘的湖，其深度从未被测量过。

如介词of不表示所属关系，而是用来表示整体与部分的关系，此时就经常引导非限制性定语从句了。如：

There are 102 elements found in nature, of which most are metals.

The story about Long March, of which this is one example, are well written.

I’d like a car whose front lights are big and round.

I’d like a car, the front lights of which are big and round.

The book, the cover of which is broken, is not mine.

The book, whose cover is broken, is not mine.

介词加which的用法

1)介词与先行词的习惯搭配

There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth.(SEFC 2A L.55)(in与way是习惯搭配)

2)介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的习惯搭配

These are the wires with which different machines are connected.(be connected with是习惯搭配)

The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny.(be familiar with是习惯搭配)

3)同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。

I can't remember the age at which he won the prize.

That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.

age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配;在后句中意为“时期”，与 in搭配。

4)复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。

We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres.(SEFC 2A L.55)

Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.

They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument.

5)短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。

(误)This is the girl of whom he will take care.

(正)This is the girl whom he will take careof.

6)当介词与定语从句中的动词或形容词联系紧密(但不是短语动词)时，介词也可放在动词或形容词的后面。但当介词与从句中的动词或形容词联系不紧密时，则需将介词置于关系代词前。比较：

The space station which we drove to was in the desert.(SEFC 2A L.55)

I'll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.

后句中若置于句尾则有“孤零零”之感，这时宜将介词置于关系代词前;而前句中的to则可后置。

5.关系代词的选择

用于介词后的关系代词只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。

There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied.(SEFC 2A L.55)(which指代research stations)

We questioned the pilot，from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen.(SEFC 2A L.55)(whom指代the pilot)

in which的用法_定语从句in_which等的用法_介词加which的用法

相关话题