初三英语知识点总结

2016-11-10

初三英语知识点总结(一)

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：

I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。

I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。

注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)

I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)

注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。

(1)(对)Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.

(2)(错)Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.

显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.

初三英语知识点总结(二)

will与would的区别

1.表示意愿时的区别

will 表示现在的意愿，would 表示过去的意愿：

Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。

She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿意同他们一起去。

2.表示征求意见或提出请求的区别

主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will 和 would 均可用，would 此时并不表示过去，而表示委婉语气：

Won’t you take off your coat? 你要不要把大衣脱掉?

Will you please post the letter for me? 请帮我寄了这封信好吗?

3.表示习惯和倾向性的区别

will 表示现在的习惯，would 表示过去的习惯：

This window won’t open. 这扇窗户经常打不开。

When he was a child, he would often go skating. 他小时候经常去滑冰。

would like / would love可视为习语，意为“想要”，其后接名词、代词或不定式：

I would like a cup of tea. 我想要杯茶。

We would love to go with him. 我们想同他一起去。

初三英语知识点总结(三)

The用法

1.表示特指的人或物

例：Please hand me the key on the desk. 请把桌上的钥匙递给我。

The girl in red is his sister. 穿红色衣服的女孩是他妹妹。

The building over there is the tallest in the town. 那边那幢大楼是这个城里最高的。

I like the music of the film. 我喜欢这部电影的音乐。

2.表示双方都知道的或心中明白的人或物

例： Shut the door, please. 请关门。

Has he returned the book? 那本书他还了吗?

Take the blue one, it is cheaper. 拿那个蓝的，它便宜些。

3.第二次提到

某人或某物第一次提到时用不定冠词，第二次提到时要用定冠词。

例：He saw a house in the distance. Jim's parents lived in the house. 他看见远处有一所房子，吉姆的父母就住在那所房子里。

There was once an old fisherman. The old fisherman had a cat. The cat was white. 从前有一个老渔夫。这个老渔夫有一只猫。这只猫是只白猫。

4.用在世界上独一无二的名词前

the sun太阳， the earth地球， the moon月亮，

the sky天空， the world 世界

例：The moon goes round the earth. 月亮绕着地球转。

There is not any cloud in the sky. 天空中没有一丝云彩。

It was a fine day in spring. The sun shone brightly. 这是一个晴朗的春日，阳光灿烂。

He is the richest man in the world. 他是世界上最富的人。

5.用在表示方向、方位的名词前

the east东方，the west西方，the south南方，

the north北方，the right右边，the left左边

例：The birds are flying to the north. 这些鸟向北方飞去。

The moon rises in the east and sets in the west. 月亮从东方升起，在西方落下。

The wind was blowing from the south. 风从南方吹来。

She lived to the west of the Summer Palace. 她住在颐和园的西边。

初三英语知识点总结(四)

一般现在时：

常与always,often,sometimes, every day连用，表示习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态。提醒你当第三人称单数做主语时，别忘了动词的变化。注意：象"地球大，月亮小"等客观真理、事实一定用一般现在时。

现在进行时：

要注意其构成：由be+动词+ing,表示说话时正在进行的动作。如：We're studying now. 我们现在正在学习。

一般过去时：

表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示过去时间的状语连用。注意：We often went to dance last summer.有的同学一见到often就想到用一般现在时，其实因为后面有表示过去时间的 last summer,所以要用过去式，千万别误用了，切记，切记。

过去进行时：

显然过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在做什么，常和特定的时间状语如at that time，at six yesterday，at that moment，when he came in等连用。如： When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.

一般将来时：

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来时间状语如 next year,tomorrow等连用。注意：在Will you …?问句中，回答必须是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall. No, I shan't.来回答过去将来时：过去将来时不可以单独使用，它一般在宾语从句中作间接引语，表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.

现在完成时：

顾名思义，现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作，但动作造成的影响还在，常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。如：He has already gone to Tianjin. 对现在造成的影响是他已经不在这儿了。现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since等表示一段时间的状语。如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，我们常用"过"来表示，常带有twice, once, ever, never等时间状语。如：I've never seen that film.

过去完成时：

我们可以用"过去的过去"来概括过去完成时，表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，通常与by,before等构成的短语或when, before, after引导的从句连用。也可表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for或since构成的时间状语连用。用法和现在完成时大致相同，只不过又向前推了一个时态。

初三英语知识点总结(五)

时间状语从句

时间状语从句常用从属连词when,after,until,as soon as,等来引导。

当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时，其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。

如：Please call me when you get there.当你到那时，请给我打个电话。

I will write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。

<温馨提示>since引导时间状语从句表示“自从…以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时;而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为：

It has been/is+一段时间+since+过去时。

如：I has been/is three years since we met last time.自从我们上次见面，已经三年了。

条件状语从句

引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(如果),unless(除非),as long as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。

如：I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨，我就待在家。

You can’t learn English well unless you work hard.

除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。

<温馨提示>由if引导的条件状语从句，若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实，则常用虚拟语气，即用过去时态表示(如果涉及到be动词，一律都用were)。此时，主句则用过去将来时。

如：If I had enough money,I would buy it for you.如果我又足够的钱，我将把它买给你。

I wouldn’t do it if I were you.如果我是你，我是不会做的。

原因状语从句

because,since,as,for都可用来引导原因状语从句，那么它们又有哪些区别呢?

①because用来表示“造成某种结果的直接原因”，语气较浓，常用来回答why提出的问句。如：

---Why are you late?

---Because my bike is broken.

②as和since用来表示“看的到的或是不说也知道的原因”，since也可译作：“既然”。

如：As he is old enough,let him do it.他既然长大了，就让他干吧!

Since his shoes are worn out,let’s buy him a new pair.

既然他的鞋坏了，那我们就给他买双新的吧。

③for引导的原因状语从句不置于句首，常用来表示“顺便提及的理由”，只是稍带说明原因，并非强调。

如：I must stay here,for it’s raining so hard.我必须得待在这儿，因为雨下的很大。

初三英语练习题

As my friend was passing some elephants，he suddenly stopped.He was confused by the fact that these huge animals were being held by nothing but a small rope.The rope was tied to their front legs. It was 1 that the elephants could break away from the ropes at any time.But for some 2 ，they did not.

My friend saw a trainer nearby and asked why these elephants

just stood there and didn't 3 to get away.

“Well，” he said，“when they are very 4 and much smaller，we use the same size rope to tie them.At that age，it's enough to hold them.As they grow up，they are used to 5 that they cannot break away.They believe the rope can 6 hold them，so they never try to break free.”

My friend was amazed.These animals could at any time break free， 7 because they believed they couldn't，they were stuck right where they were.

Like the elephants，how many of us go 8 life hanging onto a belief that we cannot do something，simply because we 9 at it once before? How many of us are being held back by old，outdated 10 that no longer serve us?

1.A.clear B.necessary C.interesting D.important

2.A.business B.time C.duty D.reason

3.A.try B.continue C.remember D.refuse

4.A.strong B.sleepy C.young D.tired

5.A.guessing B.believing C.proving D.regretting

6.A.ever B.even C.never D.still

7.A.but B.and C.or D.so

8.A.across B.into C.through D.over

9.A.failed B.laughed C.aimed D.looked

10.A.dreams B.instructions C.beliefs D.Chances

答案：

1-5: ADACB

6-10: DACAC

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