全国卷英语改错技巧

1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。

如：they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.(2009.陕西卷) 此处book改为books. book前用lots of修饰，应用复数。

2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。

如：The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school were gone.(2009全国卷I)把were改为are。根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。

3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。

如：He has a comfortable room， patiently nurses， and a great deal of time to read. (2009.陕西卷)此处patiently改为 patient.修饰名词nurses，用形容词。

4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累，弄清常用介词的搭配。

5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the;a， an的混用，特别注意：hour， honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用an，而useful， university， European， one—hour等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用a。

如1：and sports center has been built in their place. (2009全国卷I)在此sports前应加a。 sports center是可数名词单数，表示不确定。

如1：The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. (2009浙江卷)在此a改为an;由umbrella的发音可知以元音因素开头，应用an。

7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred，写作seven hundreds。

8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反等等。

例1： This man might need the umbrella himself， and he preferred to give it to somebody else.(2009.浙江卷)在此and改为but，前后构成转折，用but。

9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。如只能用that引导的用了其它，或在不能用that的地方却用了that，或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。

例1：The factory …… has been moved out of the city， and a sports center has been built in their place. (2009全国卷I) 此处their 改为 its。 因为前文中提到了名词The factory是单数，因此把their改为its。

例2：one day I saw a second—hand bicycle， that was only one hundred yuan.(2009辽宁卷)把that改为which，非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that。

10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。

例：It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.(2009浙江卷)在possible后加to。由 It is/was possible(或其他形容词)+ to do sth.固定句型决定。

第一步、快速浏览全文，把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意，顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。

第二步、细读文章的每一句话。一般要结合文章的前后句以及出题规律来做题。 第三步、代入已经修改完成的答案通读全文，看其是否通顺。

二、出题规律以及破解关键：

1.动词：

(1)主要考察能力：时态、主谓是否一致、固定搭配。

(2)出题形式：

①时态混用

ie, Then the trouble started. We can not open the door. So we asked the policeman for help. 讲解：很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式，因此应把can改为could。

②主谓不一致

ie, There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.

讲解：原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数，所以应该把were改为was。 ③固定搭配

ie, I have given up somke. The dog doesn‘t like the smell.

讲解：give up doing sth。因此动词somke应该改为somking。

2.名词：

(1)主要考察能力：单复数混用。

(2)出题形式：

单复数混用ie, Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.

讲解：―年龄多大了‖应该为复数形式，应此应该把year改为years。

注意：代词单复数混用类似。

As for a friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us. 讲解：显然因该把them改为it，指代前面提及的friendship。此句话意思是―就友谊来说，我们可以很容易地从我们的同学和周围的人中找到。‖

3.形容词/副词

(1)主要考察能力：两者之间是否混用。

(2)出题形式：

形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词，该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。

①副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中

ie, During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.

讲解：很明显―与平时相比较更忙‖，因此需要把usually改为usual。

②形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中

ie, As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds leaft in the game, she began cheering excited, ―Come on-get going!‖

讲解：原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时，她开始兴奋地叫道-----，显然应把excited改为excitedly，用来修饰动词cheer。

4.介词

(1)主要考察能力：(特别是与动词的)固定搭配。

(2)出题形式：

①介词省略全国卷英语改错技巧

ie, I‘m surt you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.

讲解：get rid of 是固定搭配，意思为―摆脱，除去‖

②介词多余

ie,My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.

讲解：这里显然示对because of与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子，而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把of去掉。

③介词用错(一般为固定搭配)

ie, I pick out her false hair and said, ―Don‘t be sad, Miss.‖

讲解：pick out应该为pick up。pick out挑选的意思;pick up捡起的意思。

5.连词

(1)主要考察能力：前后两句话之间的衔接关系。

常考三种关系：

but转折 and并列 because原因

①ie, One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy. 讲解：显然原文中所要表达的意思是―我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买好多东西‖，所以应该把but改为because/as/for。

②ie,Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, but

improve their English if they are talking with native speakers. 讲解：原文表达的意思是―通过网上聊天，学生能够更加轻松自由地表达自己的想法和观点，并且如果他们同外国人交谈，能够提高他们的英语(论坛)水平。‖所以前后句之间是并列关系，因该把but改为and.

6.句式

(1)主要考察能力：常考that与what或which/how与what之间的转换。

(2)出题形式：全国卷英语改错技巧

①ie, She never has enough time for that she wants to do. 讲解：原文意思是―她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情‖，很明显应该把that改为what。注意：这一形式是改错常考点。 ②ie, We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area. 讲解：原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子，这个连接词充当be concerned about引导宾语从句中的主语，所以应该把which改为what。

7. 冠词

(1)主要考察能力：句中冠词是否多余

(2)出题形式：

①冠词多余

ie, I sat in the front of the TV at 7 o‘clock, when the game just began. 讲解：区分in front of sth和in the front of sth。解决这个问题记住一句顺口溜就可以了―有the是内无the是外‖，即in the front of sth显然是指在事物(sth)内部空间的前面，比如说I prefer to travel in the front of the car.(我愿意坐在汽车的前面);而in front of sth是指事物(sth)外部空间的前面，比如说the car stops in front of the house(汽车停在房前)。因此原文中应该把the去掉。

②冠词遗漏

As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life. 讲解：at an ---- age固定搭配词组，表示―出于---年龄‖，比如说at an early/tender age，可以翻译为―很小/年幼的时候‖.

8.代词

(1)主要考察能力：代词是否多余，以及与反身代词之间的混用。

(2)出题形式：

①代词多余

ie, Don‘t lose your heart. With the help of the people all over the world, I‘m sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness. 讲解：lose heart：become discouraged泄气;丧失勇气;而lose one‘s heart(to sb/st)：fall in love爱上;钟情于。原文意思很明显是―别泄气‖。所以应该把your去掉。一字之差，离题千里。

②代词混用

ie, We were living in a big family. We treate each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out. 讲解: 原文意思是说―我们生活在一个大家庭之中，彼此间相处如同兄弟姐妹。如果我们之中谁有困难，其他人就会帮助他/她解决困难。‖所以应把them改为us;把other改为others。

注意：the other表示两者之中―另一个‖;the others表示在一个范围内的其他全部。 ③代词遗漏

A teacher could make classes lively and interesting. 讲解: 应该在classes前加his，表示―使他的课堂生动有趣‖。

动词

(1) He lied down by the side of the path to rest. (lied 改为 lay，lie 表示―躺‖时，其过去时是 lay) (全国卷)

(2) Charles and Linda were seeing near the top of the building. (seeing 改为 seen，因为从含义上看，此处谓语应用被动语态) (全国卷)

(3) Books may be keep for four weeks. (keep 改为 kept，因此处要用被动语态) (全国卷)

(4) …and let you know when the book you want has returned. (returned 之前加 been，因从句意上看，此处要用被动语态) (全国卷)

(5) Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas. (go 改为 come，由句意可知) (全国卷)

(6) They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. (eager 前加were，因此处缺谓语动词) (全国卷)

(7) I‗d like to your pen-friend， and get to know more about your country. (to 后加 be / become，因 would like后要接不定式，根据句意此处应加 be / become) (全国卷)

(8) What your favourite sport? (what 后加 is 或将 What 改为 What‗s，此句缺谓语) (全国卷)

(9) I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time， but now I am interested in football. (use to 改为 used to，此为习语，意为―过去经常‖) (全国卷)

(10) I was used to watch it every night. (去掉 was，因 used to do sth 是固定表达，意为―过去常常做……‖) (全国卷)

(11) There will an important game next month. (will 后加be，此处缺谓语动词) (安徽春季卷)

(12) Because of so much viewing， children may not be develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. (去掉 be，因它与其后的动词 develop 相冲突) (北京春季卷)

(13) I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. (去掉 should，因 put 和 followed 是平行结构，作并列谓语) (全国卷)

(14) As we were all left home at an early age. (去掉were，因句中已有谓语动词left，―我们离开家‖又是主动，不能再加be) (天津卷)

(15) I often dream of a teacher. (a teacher 前加上 being 或 becoming.根据后文的内容看来，作者不是梦见老师，而是自己梦想―成为‖一名教师) (年湖北卷)

(16) Without enough knowledges， you can never learn well.(learn改为teach，因上句讲―为了教好，教师不得不学‖，此句便是―没有学问，就决不会教好‖) (年湖北卷)全国卷英语改错技巧

主谓一致

(1) Bill was standing at the side of the car， talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. (was 改为 were，因先行词 two men 是复数，所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数) (全国卷)

(2) Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (give 改为 gives，它与makes 为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词) (全国卷)

(3) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. (is 改为 are，因主语是 my picture and the prize，故谓语动词要用复数) (全国卷)

(4) But then there is always more mysteries to look into. (is 改为 are，因其后的 mysteries 为复数，故谓语动词要用复数) (北京春季卷)

(5) But not allinformation are good to society. (are改为is，因为主语是不可数名词information，表单数) (广西卷)

(6) So then， a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. (cost改为costs，因主语是单数a concert，根据全文用的都是现在的时态，故用一般现在时) (年四川卷)

(7) If I listen to my own records， there are no need to spend money. (are改为is，因为在there be结构中的be用is还是用are，由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定，此处no need是单数，所以用is) (四川卷)

(8) …you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors‗ Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection. (exist改为exists，因主语which是指the Stamp Collectors‘ Club，这是单数，所以用exists) (浙江卷)

(10) One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. (was改为were，因为主语their parents是复数，所以不用was要用were) (年福建卷)

全国卷英语改错技巧

短文改错解题思路以及检查原则

1. 句中各部分结构是否完整，特别每个句子要有动词;

2. 谓语动词时态和语态;

3. 非谓语动词用法;

4. 名词单复数，格使用是否对;

5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否对;

6. 代词格和性使用是否对;

7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否准确;

8. 并列句中并列连词、主从复合句中从属连词是否得当。

短文改错解题四大原则

改动要以最少为原则;

虚词要以添加或删除为原则;

实词要以改变词形为原则;

要以保持句子原意为原则。

解题注意要点以及能力培养

1. 核对错项的时候若的确有一时难以改出地方可参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”比例。即多一词1个缺词1个错词8个。

2. 核对改正语法项目是否重复。因短文改错往往覆盖面广因此一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点现象。

3. 核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看有无遗漏符号以及忽略字母大小写和拼写问题。

解题思路(三步解题法)

第一步：快速浏览全文并把握文章主要时态、人称及文章主旨大意，顺便标记一眼能看出的错误。

第二步：细读文章找出错误并改正。一般结合文章上下文以及出题规律做题。

第三步：代入正确答案通读全文看是否通顺。

想要最好短文改错并不容易，同学们平时一定要注意积累更多的语言知识，扩大词汇量，掌握丰富的英语短语，了解更多的句型结构和习惯表达，这样才能在高考英语中游刃有余。