关于科技科学的英文文章

抓好科技、教育,这可是兴国安邦的大事，现在我国科技人才辈出,灿若繁星。下面是小编带来的关于科技科学的英文文章，欢迎阅读!

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故障不断 全日空将为波音787更换发动机

ANA says it will replace the engines on its fleet of Boeing 787s after a series of engine failures caused by corrosion and fatigue cracking of turbine blades.

全日空航空公司表示，由于涡轮机叶片出现腐朽和裂痕造成的一系列引擎问题，该公司将替换掉旗下所有波音787梦想飞机的引擎。

The Japanese airline plans to swap out all 100 Rolls-Royce engines currently used on its 50 Dreamliners. The process could take as long as three years, according to spokesman Yoichi Uchida.

据发言人Yoichi Uchida表示，这家日本航空公司计划换掉所有波音787梦想飞机当前正在使用的共100个罗尔斯·罗伊斯引擎。这个过程可能会耗费三年。

ANA said the engine faults have already led to two cases where an aircraft was forced to return to its departure airport -- Kuala Lumpur and Hanoi. Similar issues affected a third flight in August.

全日空表示，引擎问题已经导致了两起事件发生--飞机在起飞后被迫返回出发地吉隆坡和河内。今年8月又发生了第三起类似事件。

Some of the cracks are the result of corrosion caused by chemicals in the atmosphere. ANA said the problem gets worse as an aircraft completes more flights.

一些叶片的裂痕是大气中化学物质腐蚀造成的。全日空表示，飞行频率高的客机，情况会变得更为糟糕。

The airline has already been forced to cancel 18 flights because of the problem, and more could be affected later this month.

已有18个航班因为这个问题而被取消，到本月底，可能会有更多航班会受到影响。

For now, the engines will be upgraded with brand new turbine blades.

现在，这些引擎将会更新为全新的涡轮机叶片。

Meanwhile, ANA said it is working with Rolls-Royce to find a more permanent solution. Five engines have already been repaired with new turbines.

同时，全日空表示，其正在与罗尔斯·罗伊斯公司商讨，找到一个长期的解决方案。目前已有5架客机换上了新叶片。

"We are working very closely with ANA to minimize the impact on their airline operation," Rolls-Royce (RYCEY) said in a statement.

罗尔斯·罗伊斯公司在一份声明中表示：“我们正和全日空密切合作中，将对客机运行的影响降到最低。”

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电池起火成坠机诱因 坐飞机还安全吗

The Federal Aviation Administration, citing fire hazards, has warned against using SamsungGalaxy Note 7 smartphones on aircraft.

美国联邦航空管理局(Federal Aviation Administration)以火灾危险为由警告不要在飞机上使用三星盖乐世Note 7(Samsung Galaxy Note 7)智能手机。

Three Australian airlines and the German carrier Lufthansa have outright banned their useonboard.

三家澳大利亚航空公司和德国汉莎航空公司(Lufthansa)则明确禁止在机上使用该产品。

But the threat of airliner fires is not limited to Samsung devices, which the company hasoffered to replace.

不过，飞机上的火灾威胁不仅限于三星的电子设备(三星已提出调换)。

And the hazard is far more than theoretical.

这些危险也不仅是理论上的。

Qantas, one of the Australian carriers, had an onboard fire during a trans-Pacific flight this yearwhen a passenger’s cellphone was crushed in the mechanism of a business-class seat and thephone’s lithium-ion battery ignited.

今年，澳洲航空公司(Qantas)的飞机在一次跨太平洋飞行中发生火灾，一名乘客的手机被商务舱座位的机械装置压碎，锂离子电池起火。

In January as a Delta Air Lines flight from Minneapolis to Atlanta arrived at the gate, crewmembers discovered that a carry-on bag containing two laptop computers had burst intoflames, according to the FAA The smoke prompted some passengers to use the emergencyexits and wait on the wings until help arrived.

今年1月，美国联邦航空管理局报告，一架从明尼阿波利斯飞往亚特兰大的达美航空公司(Delta Air Lines)客机抵达登机口时，机组成员发现一件装有两台笔记本电脑的随身行李起火。烟雾迫使一些乘客使用紧急出口离开，在机翼上等待，直至救援人员到达。

The problem is lithium-ion batteries, which have become the standard for portable consumerelectronics, including phones, tablets and laptops, because of the power they can pack into asmall package.

问题出在锂离子电池身上，它已成为便携式电子产品的标配，包括手机、平板电脑和手提电脑，因为一块小小的锂离子电池能存储大量电能。

They are also highly volatile.

但它们也非常不稳定。

Battery fires were considered a contributing factor in the crashes of three cargo planes in thelast 10 years: an Asiana 747 in 2011, a UPS 747 in Dubai in 2010 and a UPS DC-8 inPhiladelphia in 2006.

电池起火被认为是过去10年中三架货运飞机坠毁的一个诱因：2011年韩亚航空公司(Asiana)的747飞机;2010年UPS的747飞机(在迪拜)，以及2006年UPS的DC-8飞机(在费城)。

In January, the FAA issued a warning that lithium-ion batteries in a cargo hold carried the riskof a catastrophic hull loss on an airplane.

今年1月，美国联邦航空管理局发布警告，货舱中的锂离子电池对飞机具有灾难性壳体损失风险。

So far there have been no airliner disasters specifically attributed to passengers’ digital devices.

到目前为止，还没有明确因乘客的数码设备而造成的空难。

But experts worry about the sheer mathematics.

但简单统计一下数字，就足以让专家担心。

The Royal Aeronautical Society in Britain estimates that even a single-aisle jet with only 100passengers might have more than 500 lithium-ion batteries aboard.

英国皇家航空协会(Royal Aeronautical Society in Britain)估计，就连一架仅能搭载100名乘客的单通道飞机也可能装有500多块锂离子电池。

Those numbers, and the attendant fire risks, could eventually catch up with the air-travelingpublic.

那些电池以及伴随的火灾风险可能最终伤害搭飞机旅行的公众。

The question is: What to do about it — besides issuing advisories?

问题：除了发布警告之外，我们还能怎么办?

The FAA administrator, Michael P.

美国联邦航空管理局局长迈克尔•P•胡尔塔(Michael P.

Huerta, said in an email statement that the agency recognized that the batteries posed risksand that it was tracking all incidents in aircraft cabins to help us determine what we can do.

Huerta)在电子邮件声明中称，该机构认识到电池具有风险，正在研究所有机舱事故，帮助我们确定能做些什么。

Huerta urged passengers to put their devices in a carry-on bag or other safe location when notusing them.

胡尔塔强烈建议乘客把不用的电子设备放入随身行李或其他安全的地方。

But the FAA is in a tough situation.

不过，美国联邦航空管理局处于艰难的境地。

Under the regulatory rules, it cannot ground the Galaxy Note 7 until the Consumer ProductSafety Commission orders a recall.

按照管理规定，它不能禁止盖乐世Note 7上飞机，除非消费产品安全委员会(Consumer Product SafetyCommission)命令召回。

On Friday, the safety commission said it was working with Samsung on the terms of a recalland urged owners of the phones to stop using them.

周五，该安全委员会称，正在与三星协商召回事宜，并敦促那些手机的所有者不要使用它们。

On Saturday, Samsung offered new guidance to owners: Turn off your phone and bring it infor a replacement.

周六，三星给顾客们提供了新方案：关掉手机，拿来更换。

Congress has limited the FAA’s ability to place restrictions on battery-powered devices onairplanes beyond the recommendations of the International Civil Aviation Organization,according to Laura Brown, an FAA spokeswoman.

据美国联邦航空管理局的发言人劳拉•布朗(Laura Brown)称，国会限制美国联邦航空管理局在国际民用航空组织(International Civil Aviation Organization)的建议之外，对机上电池供电设备进行更多限制。

The organization, a U.N. agency, says the devices should not be transported on passengerplanes as cargo or in checked baggage.

后者是联合国的下属机构，它表示，这些设备不应该在客机上作为货物运输，也不应在托运行李中运输。

As for in-cabin use, the organization defers to each country’s rules.

至于在机舱内的使用，该组织留给每个国家自行规定。

Any attempt to seriously restrict or even ban devices powered by lithium-ion batteries wouldprobably face an outcry from travelers, who have come to consider them an indispensable partof modern life.

旅客们已经把手机视为现代生活不可缺少的一部分，任何严格限制甚至禁止这些以锂离子电池设备的尝试都可能招致强烈抗议。

There would also be the question of who would enforce such rules, and how.

另外，还有谁来执行以及如何执行这些规定的问题。

Airport security check-in processes are already long and tedious, without adding a new layerof scrutiny.

机场安检托运过程已经很漫长无聊，更别提再加一层审查。

Until a few years ago, before the in-cabin use of phones and other electronic devices wasallowed below 10,000 feet, it was widely known that passengers surreptitiously defied the rule.

几年前，在1万英尺以下的机舱内使用手机等电子设备不再被禁止。在那之前，众所周知，乘客往往偷偷地自行其是。

Flight attendants complained that it was impossible to police.

乘务员抱怨说，他们无法管束。

So the goal is to contain the hazard.

所以，目标是控制危险。

In the event of a lithium-ion battery fire in flight, FAA standards may help minimize thedamage.

当飞行中遇到锂离子电池着火的情况时，美国联邦航空管理局的标准也许可以帮助把损失降低到最小。

Seat covers, carpets, curtains and dividers are made of special materials that are flameretardant, even against a lithium-ion battery fire, which burns in the neighborhood of 1,000degrees Fahrenheit, according to Isidor Buchmann, an engineer who runs the informational siteBatteryUniversity.com.

座套、地毯、窗帘和分割帘由特殊的阻燃材料做成，甚至能抵挡锂离子电池引发的火情。据信息网站BatteryUniversity.com的运营工程师伊西多•布克曼(Isidor Buchmann)称，这种材料在周围温度达到1000华氏度(约合538摄氏度)时会燃烧。

Some experts say those standards could suffice.

有些专家称，这些标准已经足够。

It’s damned near impossible to propagate a fire on an airplane, said George J. Ringger, anaeronautical engineer with his own consulting company who specializes in cabin interiors.

在飞机上，火势几乎不可能蔓延，航空工程师乔治•J•林格(George J. Ringger)说。他自己的咨询公司专门提供机舱内部设施方面的建议。

Could a passenger get burned? Yes.

乘客是否有可能被烧伤?有可能。

Would there be smoke that would propagate in the cabin? Do crews have protocols? Yes.

烟雾是否有可能在机舱蔓延?机组成员是否有应急方案?是的。

But some other fire and safety experts are not as sanguine.

但是其他一些火灾和安全专家不这么乐观。

A laptop battery fire could take hours to burn itself out.

如果手提电脑的电池起火，可能要在数小时后才能烧尽。

And the smoke emitted would be abundant and toxic.

可能释放大量有毒烟雾。

Michael Gilchrist is an engineer and co-owner of PlaneGard, a maker of a case meant to containthe fire and smoke if a battery starts to malfunction.

工程师迈克尔•吉尔克里斯特(Michael Gilchrist)是PlaneGard公司的联合所有者。该公司生产一种箱子，电池功能失常时放进去，可以限制火和烟雾蔓延。

Customers include Air Tahiti Nui, which carries the PlaneGard case on transoceanic flights.

它的客户包括塔希提航空公司(Air Tahiti Nui)，后者在跨大洋的航班上配备了PlaneGard盒。

With a full-blown laptop, you see what happens, Gilchrist said. You have a 35- or 40-minuteevent.

对于一台完整的笔记本电脑，情况会是这样，吉尔克里斯特说，那会是一场持续35至40分钟的事故。

That could cause a lot of problems.

会导致很多问题。

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谷歌旗下DeepMind在语音生成领域取得突破

Google’s DeepMind division has claimed a big leap forward in producing computer-generatedspeech, potentially bringing forward the day when machines sound as natural as humans.

谷歌(Google)旗下的DeepMind称，在计算机语音生成领域取得巨大飞跃。这一技术进步可能会令机器像人一样自然发声的一天提前到来。

Researchers at the UK-based artificial intelligence arm said tests of their system with humanlisteners, though unavoidably subjective, had shown that the technology halves the qualitygap that exists between today’s computer systems and human speech.

这家总部驻英国的人工智能分公司的研究人员表示，由人类听众对其系统的测试(尽管这种测试不可避免地带有主观性)显示，该技术将目前计算机系统与人类说话间存在的质量差距缩小了一半。

One person familiar with the research said the system, called WaveNet, was not being employedin any of Google’s products yet, and that the massive computing power it needed to generatespeech made it impractical for real world use for the foreseeable future.

一位知情人士表示，这一名叫WaveNet的系统尚未被用于谷歌任何产品。该技术在生成语音时需要极大的运算能力，令它在可以预期的未来无法实际运用到真实世界。

The research that led to WaveNet, along with a number of samples of speech generated by thesystem, was published online on Thursday.

周四，WaveNet的相关研究以及一系列该系统生成的语音样本被发布到网上。