有关金融制度英语对话

2017-02-16

金融制度英语对话：日本金融制度

Bob Dillon ,a banker from the United States ,is talking with a Japanese banker about the financial and monetary system in Japan .

来自美国的银行家鲍勃·狄龙正与一位日本银行家谈论日本的金融和货币制度。

Dillon:Note issue in Japan is controlled by the Bank of Japan ,isn't it ?

狄龙：日本的纸币发行是由日本银行控制吗?

Banker:Yes,the Bank of Japan has statutory authority to issue yen currency and coinage which is the sole legal tender in Japan.

银行家：是的，在发行日元和硬币方面，日本银行拥有法定性的权威，它所发行的日元和硬币是日本唯一的法币。

D;I have heard a lot about redenomination in Japan .Do you expect that to take place soon ?

狄龙：我听到了许多有关日本打算重新规定日元单位面额的消息，您预料这件事会很快着手进行吗?

B;That's a very good question,Mr.Dillon ,and I wish I could answer it .

银行家：这是个很好的问题：狄龙先生，我真希望能回答这个问题。

The Bank of Japan has had that issue under discussion for a long time ,but it hasn't been resolved yet .

实际上，日本银行就这个问题已讨论很久，但仍未做出决定。

D:When was the bank founded ?

狄龙：该银行是什么时候建立的?

B:It was established in 1882 and patterned on the National Bank of Belgium .

银行家：它是1822年按照比利时国民银行的模式建立的，

Its note-issuing provisions were modeled on those of the German Central Bank .

它的货币发行章程是仿照德国中央银行制定的。

D:Is it a government agency ?

狄龙：它是一个政府机构吗?

B:Yes,since 1942 it has been an agency of the government in actual practice .

银行家：是的，从1942年起，日本银行在实际业务方面已成为政府的机构，

While it was originally founded by private stockholders ,the finance minister has had direct authority over its management since its charter was modified in 1942.

虽然它原本是由私人股东创办起来的。但是，自从1942年它的章程修订以后，财政部长对于这个银行管理有着直接的权威。

D:It's very much like the Bank of England ,then .That also started as a private institution .

狄龙：这一点很象当时的英格兰银行，那个银行开始时也是一个私人机构。

B:In the respect it is similar .But the Bank of Japan has a much broader charter to undertake all kinds of financial activities ,

银行家：在这方面是相似的。但是日本银行拥有更加广泛的职权从事各种财政金融活动，

as directed by the Cabinet .

这是在内阁直接指挥下进行的。

金融制度英语对话：英国金融制度

Tatsuo Horita ,a banker from Japan ,is visiting with an officer of the Bank of England .

来自日本的银行家堀田达夫正在与英格兰银行的一位高级职员闲谈，

They are talking about the British monetary and financial system .

他们正谈论着英国的货币和金融制度。

Horita:I understand that Bank of England notes have been legal tender in Britain since the early part of the 19th century .

堀田：据我所知，从19世纪初叶，英格兰银行发行的纸币就已经成为英国的法币了。

Officer:Yes,actually from 1883,long before the Bank of England was the official central bank for Britain.

职员：是的，实际上从1833年开始，英格兰银行早已成为英国的官方中央银行了，

And special restrictions put on note issurance by other banks in 1844 caused most banks to discontinue issuing notes.

而且在1844年，还对其他银行的货币发行实行期一些特别的限制，这就使得大多数的银行不再继续发行纸币。

H:Weren't Bank of England notes backed by specie?

堀田：英格兰银行发行的纸币不是以金银铸币作为依据吗?

O:Specie or government bonds until 1931.Since then ,of course,the Bank of England like other central banks has not held specie reserves equal to our note issue.

职员：直到1931年，还是以铸币或政府的债券为依据的。当然，从那以后，象其它的中央银行一样，英格兰银行并不持有与我们发行的纸币等量的金银铸币储备。

H:When did the Bank of England become the official central bank of the United Kingdom?

堀田：英格兰银行什么时候成为联合王国的官方中央银行的呢?

O:That's difficult to say .Actually ,the bank was nationalized by the government in 1946.

职员：这很难说，实际上，在1946年政府已将其收归国有。

Before that ,however ,the bank had been the central banking instituion for over a century .

然而，在这之前，英格兰银行就已经成为中央银行有100多年了。

While we were privately owned ,successive governments felt that we operated in the public interest and gradually enacted laws,

当时，虽然我们是私立银行，但历届政府都认为我们的业务经营活动有利于公众利益，并逐步地有所立法，

which gave us various supervisory functions over other banks .

这一切赋予了我们对其他银行的各种监督职能。

H:So the bank now makes fiscal and monetary policies for the country ?

堀田：因此，目前该银行就是为国家制定财政和金融政策的。

O:In coperation with the Cabinet we do .Our functions are not as independent as those of the Federal Reserve in the United States.

职员：我们在与内阁合作中行使我们的职能，但我们的职能不象美国联邦储备那样具有独立性。

金融制度英语对话：美国金融制度

Iwao Tanaka ,making his first business trip to the United States ,is talking to an American banker about the financial and monetary system of the U.S.

田中岩夫第一次因公出差工到美国，他正在与美国的一位银行家谈到美国金融和货币制度。

Tanaka:What is meant by the term Federal Reserve System ?Is that the central bank of the United States?

田中：什么是美国联邦储蓄系统?它是美国的中央银行吗?

Banker :Technically it is not ,Mr.Tanaka,but it functions in that capacity .

银行家：从法律上讲，它不是，田中先生。但是它发挥了那样的作用。

The Federal Reserve System ,or the Fed as it is usually called,is the fiscal agent of the United States .

美国联邦储备系统即平常称之为“联邦”的是美国财政机构。

It has authority to issure notes which are the main currency of the country ,

它有权发行作为国家主要货币的纸币，

to control the money supply and to supervise banks and banking practices in the country .

有权控制货仙的供应量，并有权监督国内银行及银行业务活动。

T;It's owned by the government ,isn't it ?

田中：它属于政府所有，是吗?

B:No ,it isn't .Actually ,the Fed really consists of 12 banks which are owned by all the nationally chartered banks in their respective districts.

银行家：不是的。实际上，美国联邦储备系统包括十二家银行，这些银行都是由所在地区的国家立案银行掌握所有权。

But the supervisory board ,called the Board of Governors,is a government agency responsible to the Congress.

但是他被称为“总裁理事会”的具有监督作用的理事会是一个政府机构，它向国会负责。

T:What do you mean by nationally chartered banks?Don't all banks have to have charters?

田中：您所说的国家立案的银行是什么意思?难道不是所有的银行都必须立案吗?

B:Yes,every bank must have a charter or license to do business .But we have a dual banking system here in the United States.

银行家：是的，每个银行都必须立案或者得到准许证才能营业。但是在美国，我们这里实行的是双重银行体制，

That means some banks are licensed by the Federal government and some by individual states.

就是说，有些银行是由联邦政府签发的准许证，而有些则是各个州签发的。

There are approximately 5,000 national banks and 10,000 state banks in the country .

在美国大约有5000所国立银行和10000所州立银行。

T:Are they all supervised by the Fed?

田中：这些银行受美国联邦储备系统监督吗?

B:Only the national banks are .

银行家：不，只有国立银行是这样的。