医学专业英语文章翻译
健康,已成为当今全球性的四大问题之一(其它三个是:能源、人口和环境生态)。下面是小编带来的医学专业英语文章翻译，欢迎阅读!
医学专业英语文章翻译1
低头党注意啦：常常玩手机的八大风险!
1. Cyber Sickness
晕屏症
Also called "digital motion sickness," symptoms that range from headaches to woozy feelings can occur when you quickly scroll on your smart phone or watch action-packed video on your screen.
这种病也被称为“数字晕车”，症状包括头痛、甚至出现头昏眼花的感觉，这种病可能会发生在你快速刷屏或者看让人觉得很刺激的视频的时候。
The sensation results from a mismatch between sensory inputs, Steven Rauch, medical director of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Balance and Vestibular Center and a professor of otolaryngology at Harvard Medical School, told the New York Times.
这种感觉是由感官输入的不匹配引起的，马萨诸塞州眼科顾问、来自哈佛大学医学院耳鼻喉科的教授史蒂芬·劳奇对《纽约时报》说道。
“Your sense of balance is different than other senses in that it has lots of inputs,” he said. “When those inputs don’t agree, that’s when you feel dizziness and nausea.” In other words, you experience a "sensory conflict" when you see an active motion but don't physically feel it.
“与其他感官不同，当有大量信息输入时，人的平衡感会发生改变。”他说，“当输入无效的时候，你就会感到头晕甚至恶心。”换句话说，当你看到一种主动行为而身体却没办法感受到的时候，你就会有一种“感官冲突”的感觉。
Digital motion sickness can happen to anyone, though studies reveal the affliction effects more women than men. Those who have a history of migraines are also more susceptible.
数字晕车这种病在任何人的身上都有可能发生，研究表明，就这种病的发病率而言，女性比男性更高。那些有偏头痛病史的人也同样容易的患这种病。
2. Text Claw
手机依赖症
Avid texters and Candy Crush enthusiasts may be subject to text claw, the unofficial term for soreness and cramping felt in the fingers, wrist and forearm after heavy smartphone use. Any specific motor activity can cause pain in the tendons and muscles when done repeatedly, so if you're always on your phone, it makes sense to feel discomfort in your hands and forearm.
拇指族或者玩太多的糖果大冒险游戏的人都容易得手机依赖症。所谓“手机依赖症”，是对玩手机过多而导致手指、手腕和前臂疼痛甚至出现痉挛的非官方说法。任何不断重复的机械动作都会使经脉跟肌肉感到疼痛。所以如果你还是整天玩手机的话，那你的手跟手臂酸痛就说得通了。
There's not much to be done for preventing the pain (unless you'd like to stop using your devices!), but there are ways to alleviate it. Hand stretches, massage and hot/cold treatment can help.
对于这种痛没有什么补救办法(除非你别用那些设备了!)，但是有很多办法可以减轻。手部拉伸与按摩以及冷热处理都能有所帮助。
3. Eye Strain
眼睛疲劳
Do you stare at a screen for hours on end? If you're reading this, you very well might. Any activity that requires active use of your eyes -- driving, reading and writing included -- cancause eye fatigue. Staring at your digital devices for long periods of time can lead to sore, irritated and dry eyes, headaches and fatigue, which, in turn, can decrease your productivity. In most cases, eye strain is not a serious issue and can be rectified with "screen breaks," or just taking some time out from the Google machine.
你是不是会一直盯着手机屏幕好几个小时?如果你会的话， 你很可能会眼睛疲劳。任何活动都需要用到眼睛，比如开车、读书还有写东西，这些都会导致眼睛疲劳。长时间盯着你的电子设备会导致眼睛酸痛、发炎、干涩、头痛以及疲劳，从而降低你的生产能力。大部分情况下，眼睛疲劳并不会太严重，并且不看屏幕了就会得到缓解，或者只要远离谷歌设备一会儿就好了。
Experts suggest taking screen breaks every 20 minutes. For 20 seconds, let your eyes scan the room or look out the window and, if they're feeling extra dry, lubricate them with some eye drops.
专家建议每20分钟休息一次，停止看屏幕。用20秒钟来看看你的房间或者窗外，如果你还觉得眼睛有点干涩的话，再滴两滴眼药水。
4. Text Neck
短信脖
Similar to the claw, text neck -- discomfort in the neck and spine -- happens when you spend long periods of time looking down at your smartphone.“It is an epidemic or, at least, it’s very common,” Kenneth Hansraj, chief of spine surgery at New York Spine Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, told The Washington Post. “Just look around you, everyone has their heads down.” We're certainly in an era of smartphone obsession.
短信脖跟手机依赖症有点相似，即指颈部跟脊椎的不适，是由于你长时间看手机而导致的。“这是一种流行性的，或者说，至少是很常见的病，” 纽约脊柱外科和康复医学科的主任医师肯尼斯·罕斯拉杰对华盛邮报说道：“看看你周围，每个人都低着个头。”我们已经处在一个对手机极度痴迷的时代了。
And according to expert calculations, the angle at which our big heads look down forces our spine to bear the weight of approximately 60 pounds. The habit may lead to people requiring medical spine care at a younger age. Being mindful of how far your neck bends when you're on your phone -- and bending it back to an upright position -- can help reduce the risk of text neck.
而据专家测算，我们的头向下看的角度迫使我们的脊柱承受了大约60磅的重量。这个习惯可能会导致人们年轻的时候就已经需要脊柱治疗了。看手机的时候想象你的脖子有多弯曲，然后回到直立状态，这能帮助你减少得短信脖的风险。
5. Phantom Vibe
震动幻觉
If you've ever imagined your phone going off in your pocket, you've experienced phantom phone vibrations. The phenomenon is incredibly common: One 2012 study revealed that 90 percent of college students experienced the non-existent vibration. Experiencing fake vibes on a routine basis mirrors a kind of compulsive behavior, and can sometimes hint at feelings of anxiety.
如果你曾经想象过如果口袋里的手机响了，那你就已经体验过手机虚幻震动了。这种现象非常的常见：2012年的一项研究表明90%的大学生都经历过这种根本就不存在的幻觉。在日常中生活中出现这种幻震反映了一种强迫行为，并且有时会激起你的焦虑感。
Reduce these uncomfortable feelings by taking some breaks from your phone: While most of us have our phones nearby for all of our waking hours, doing so is not a necessity for survival. Consider scheduling time to go off the grid and live phone free and set some boundaries for moments and spaces where devices are not welcome. Doing so will keep the ghosts out of your pants.
别玩手机了，休息一会儿能帮你减轻这种不适感：我们大多数人在清醒的时候都会把手机放在身边，这样做并不是生存所必须的。考虑一下，安排时间去玩个失踪，远离手机，空出一些远离电子设备的时间或者空间。这样做才会让你不再出现幻觉。
6. Damaged sperm
损伤精子
Heat from laptops may damage sperm, according to some research. Notably, in one study published in the journal Fertility and Sterility, researchers found that storing sperm samples under a laptop decreased their motility, or ability to move, and led to more DNA damage -- both factors that could hurt the chances of reproduction -- than samples stored normally.
一些研究表明，笔记本电脑产生的热量可能会损害到精子。值得注意的是其中一项刊登在《生育与不育》杂志上的研究，研究者们发现，相对正常储存的精子样本来说，在笔记本环境下储存的精子样本能动性(或者说活动能力)降低了，并且导致更多的DNA被破坏了。这两种因素都能影响生殖几率。
7. Pedestrian safety
行人安全
Pedestrian fatalities are on the rise because too many smartphone users engage in distracted walking. While focused on the cyber world, many of us can lose reality of the physical one: Researchers say distracted walkers take more time to cross the street and are more likely to neglect traffic lights while less likely to look both ways. Elemental pedestrian safety knowledge is compromised by technology, and the risks are scary. To avoid injury or worse, put your phone away until you've reached a safe spot.
行人死亡人数持续上升，因为太多的手机用户走路的时候还在看手机。专注于网络世界的我们会遗忘这个有形世界的现实：研究者说分心的行人要花更长的时间来过马路，同时更容易忽视红绿灯并且不会去看路的两边。基本的行人安全知识在科技面前都没用，风险太可怕了。为了避免受伤或是更坏的结果，直到抵达安全的地方之前，请把你手机放在口袋里。
8. Overeating
暴饮暴食
It's not necessarily the phone itself that can lead to overeating, but a person's digital food porn habit. Research shows that looking at images of caloric food can incite cravings and a person's desire to eat. If you're fallen victim to this diet trap, you might consider unsubscribing to accounts that frequently post irresistible images.
其实并不一定是手机本身让人暴饮暴食，而是一个人在玩数字设备时产生饮食欲望的习惯。研究表明，看着那些高热量食物的图片能够激起人们对食物的欲望。如果你正是这种饮食陷阱的受害者的话，你应该要考虑卸载那些频繁发一些让人无法抗拒的图片的软件了。
医学专业英语文章翻译2
科学解读“鬼压床，看完再也不怕了!
你有没有睡觉的时候突然有了知觉但是身体不能动的时候?也就是民间所谓的“鬼压床”?鬼压床在午休和晚间睡眠时都可能发生。其实，这种情形跟鬼怪根本无关，在医学上有一个正规的学名：睡眠瘫痪症。所幸这种情形多半在几分钟内会自己慢慢地或突然地恢复肢体的动作。
Sleep paralysis episodes typically occur either early in the night, as someone is falling asleep, or towards the end of the night, as someone is waking up. Stressful life events, anxiety, sleep quality and genetics are all linked to it.
睡眠瘫痪症通常发生在晚间刚入睡时，或者凌晨正要苏醒时。生活压力、焦虑情绪、睡眠质量、以及基因遗传都与之相关。
In a recent UK study, nearly 30 per cent of respondents said that they had experienced at least one episode of sleep paralysis in their lifetime.
在英国最近的一次调查中，近30%的受访者称曾经经历过至少一次睡眠瘫痪症。
While sleep paralysis can be a terrifying ordeal to go through, those who do experience it should try to remember that it is a temporary and harmless event.
尽管睡眠瘫痪症是一种令人恐惧的经历，但曾发作过的人们应该记住，睡眠瘫痪症是暂时性的，而且对身体无害。
医学专业英语文章翻译3
父母管束过多，会造成孩子终生心理创伤
Parents who exert too much control over their children could be causing them lifelong psychological damage, according to a study which tracked a group of people born in the 1940s until the present day.
一项针对上世纪40年代生人的跟踪调查显示，父母对子女管束过多可能会对下一代造成终生的心理伤害。
Researchers found that people who reported their parents had intruded on their privacy in childhood or encouraged dependence were more likely to have low scores in surveys of happiness and general wellbeing carried out in their teens, their 30s, their 40s and even their 60s.
研究人员发现，那些表示童年时被父母侵犯过隐私或被鼓励依赖父母的调查对象，在他们青少年时期、30多岁、40多岁甚至60多岁时进行的总体幸福感测试中得低分的可能性更大。
The negative impact on wellbeing was comparable in scale to that observed in people who have suffered a bereavement, experts from University College London (UCL) said.
伦敦大学学院的专家表示，家长控制欲过强对幸福感造成的负面影响与痛失至亲对人们产生的负面影响程度相近。
In contrast, people who said their parents were more caring, warm and responsive to their needs tended to be more content well into adulthood.
相比之下，那些说父母关爱体贴、积极响应他们需求的调查对象在成年后往往更心满意足。
The findings are the culmination of a survey which has tracked more than 5,000 people since their birth in 1946. It is well-established that childhood influences can have profound effect on the developing brain, but this is one of the first studies that have attempted to measure their impact over such a long period of time.
通过对5000余名1946年生人进行长期的跟踪调查，研究人员得出了上述结果。众所周知，儿童时期的经历对发育中的大脑会产生深远的影响。不过，这个研究是针对这种影响进行时间跨度这么大的先驱之一。
Information on parenting styles was only available from the study participants themselves, who were asked to recall their childhoods when in their 40s, and may therefore suffer from a degree of so-called recall bias – unhappy people may be more likely to depict their parents as controlling.
有关父母育儿方式的信息全部由研究参与者提供， 40多岁的他们被要求回忆童年，可能会出现一定程度的所谓“回忆偏倚”——不幸福的人更可能将他们的父母描述为控制欲强的人。
However the researchers said the findings chimed with previous studies which have shown that children who are able to form secure emotional bonds with parents are more likely to have secure, happy relationships later in life.
然而，研究者也表示，这项调查的发现与过往研究结论是吻合的。过往研究发现，能够跟父母建立起牢固的情感纽带的孩子，日后感情关系稳固、幸福的可能性更大。
“Parents also give us stable base from which to explore the world while warmth and responsiveness has been shown to promote social and emotional development,” said Dr Mai Stafford, of the Medical Research Council’s (MRC) Lifelong Health and Ageing unit at UCL.
UCL医学研究协会(Medical Research Council，MRC)终生健康与老龄化部门的梅•斯塔福德(Mai Stafford)博士说：“家长还为我们提供了稳固的大本营，我们以此为基础探索世界。而关爱和体察他人需求已被证明可以推动社交和情感发展。”
“By contrast, psychological control can limit a child’s independence and leave them less able to regulate their own behaviour.”
“相比之下，心理上的控制会削弱孩子的自立与自律能力。”
Examples of psychologically controlling behaviour identified by the study included invasions of children’s privacy and an unwillingness to let children make their own decisions, and fostering dependence upon one or both parents.
研究指出的心理控制行为包括侵犯孩子隐私、不愿意让孩子自己做决定以及助长孩子对父母的依赖。
Separately, study participants were asked about behavioural control, which included elements of parenting that involve not letting children get their own way: for example, not always allowing them to go out as often as they would like. No links with psychological wellbeing were observed in relation to this kind of parenting.
另外，研究参与者也被问及了行为控制，其中涉及到拒绝孩子自己做主的育儿方式，比如不允许孩子时常外出。研究未发现这类育儿方式与孩子的心理健康有关。
Dr Stafford said that the study did not seek to blame parents.
斯塔福德博士说，研究并不意在指责父母。
“Parents are vitally important to the mental wellbeing of future generations,” she said. “Policies to reduce economic and other pressures on parents could help them to foster better relationships with their children.” Previous research has shown a clear link between economic stress in parents and poorer early child development.
她说：“父母对后代的心理健康发展至关重要。减少父母经济等方面的压力的政策有助于他们改善与子女的关系。”此前有研究表明，家长承受的经济压力与孩子糟糕的早期发育有明显的联系。